An idiom is an expression with a figurative meaning that differs from the literal meaning.
In other words, idioms don't mean exactly what the words say. Asking someone "What's up?" is an example of an idiom. Typically, 'up' is directed toward a higher position. Taken literally, the question doesn't make a lot of sense. But fluent English speakers understand the idiomatic meaning; "What's up?" usually means "Hello".
Here are a few examples of modern English Idioms:
- Idiom: "On the fence"
- Meaning: To be undecided about something
- Idiom: "Crunch time"
- Meaning: A critical time when action needs to be taken
- Idiom: "Spill the tea"
- Meaning: To disclose sensitive information
- Idiom: "No-brainer"
- Meaning: An easy decision.
Student tip: If you're unfamiliar with an idiom, look at the context and ask yourself: What are the people talking about? What is being discussed? What's the topic of conversation? Knowing this, you'll find it easier to spot the right meaning of any idiomatic expression.
For more examples, watch Darryl's lesson here.
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